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Byron K. Lichtenberg – Spaceflight experience

Lichtenberg was the first Payload Specialist. He flew on Spacelab-1 (STS-9) mission for ten days in 1983, conducted multiple experiments in life sciences, materials sciences, Earth observations, astronomy and solar physics, upper atmosphere and plasma physics. His second flight was ATLAS-1 (STS-45) Spacelab mission for nine days in 1992; conducted 13 experiments in Atmospheric sciences [...]

Mullard Space Science Laboratory – MSSL participation in space missions

Since it was formed, the MSSL has worked on a number of different solar physics hardware projects. Its earliest involvement came with an experiment on [http://www.nasm.si.edu/research/dsh/artifacts/SS-ariel1.htm Ariel-I] that made the first spectroscopic X-ray observations of solar flares. Other instruments were later flown on the [http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/oso4.html OSO-4], [http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/sats_n_data/missions/esro2b.html ESRO-II], [http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/sats_n_data/missions/oso5.html OSO-5], and [http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/sats_n_data/missions/oso6.html OSO-6] missions. Instruments [...]

Polymer solar cell – Device physics

Solar Physics

The following discussion is based primarily on Mayer et al.’s review, cited below. Organic photovoltaics are made of electron donor and electron acceptor materials rather than semiconductor p-n junctions. The molecules forming the electron donor region of organic PV cells, where exciton electron-hole pairs are generated, are generally conjugated polymers possessing delocalized π electrons that [...]

Physical Research Laboratory – Academics

Solar Physics

The Physical Research Laboratory holds various seminars and public lectures. It has a workshop, computer centre, library and various other laboratories. It also offers a five-year doctoral programme in Physics, with specializations in Theoretical Physics and Complex Systems, Space and Atmospheric Sciences, Quantum optics and Quantum Information, Astronomy and Astrophysics (Infrared, Sub-mm and Radio Astronomy, [...]

Multijunction solar cell – Physics of multi-junction solar cells

Solar Physics

The fundamental difference between multi-junction solar cells and c-Si solar cells is that there are several pn junctions connected in series instead of one, as illustrated on figure C(a). In order to better cover the solar spectrum AM1.5 (terrestrial reference spectrum for photovoltaic performance evaluation), we must choose suitable materials for each pn junction. First, [...]

Peter A. Sturrock – Introduction

Solar Physics

Peter Andrew Sturrock (born 1924) is a British scientist. An emeritus professor of applied physics at Stanford University, much of Sturrock’s career has been devoted to astrophysics, plasma physics, and solar physics, but Sturrock is interested in other fields, including ufology, scientific inference and in the history of science and philosophy of science. Sturrock has [...]

Edward Gibson – Experience

Solar Physics

While studying at Caltech, Gibson was a research assistant in the field of jet propulsion and classical physics. His technical publications are in the fields of plasma physics and solar physics. He was senior research scientist with the Applied Research Laboratories of Philco Corporation at Newport Beach, California, from June 1964 until coming to NASA. [...]

Sami Solanki – Introduction

Solar Physics

Sami Khan Solanki (born 1958) is Professor at the Institute of Astronomy at the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich) and is the Director for the Sun-Heliosphere Department of the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, and a scientific member of the Max Planck Society. and a Chair (and [...]

Solar Probe+ – Introduction

Solar Physics

Solar Probe+ ”(Solar Probe Plus)”, previously NASA Solar Probe, is a planned robotic spacecraft to probe the outer corona of the sun. It will approach to within 8.5 solar radii (0.04 astronomical units or 5.9 million kilometers or 3.67 million miles) to the surface of the sun. The project was announced as a new mission [...]

Karl-Otto Kiepenheuer – Introduction

Solar Physics

Karl-Otto Kiepenheuer (10 November 1910 – 23 May 1975) was a German astronomer and astrophysicist. His research focused on the Sun, and for that purpose he initiated construction of several solar telescopes and founded the Kiepenheuer Institute for Solar Physics. Adapted from the Wikipedia article Karl-Otto Kiepenheuer, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. [...]

Solar sail – Physics

There are two sources of solar forces. The first is radiation pressure, and the second is due to solar wind. The radiation pressure is much stronger than the wind pressure. In 1924, the Russian space engineer Friedrich Zander proposed that, since light provides a small amount of thrust, this effect could be used as a [...]

Spicule (solar physics) – In popular culture

In the video game Star Ocean 2, there is a famous attack skill called “Spicule” done by Decus (or Michael in the PlayStation Portable version), one of the evil Ten Wise Men villains. He shoots a large pillar of fire upwards, and then yells a random taunt before coming down and bombarding the area with [...]









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