Outer Space





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Outer Space

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Spaceflight osteopenia – Introduction

Spaceflight osteopenia refers to the characteristic bone loss that occurs during spaceflight. Astronauts lose an average of more than 1% bone mass per month spent in space. There is concern that during long duration flights, excessive bone loss and the associated increase in serum calcium ion levels will interfere with execution of mission tasks and [...]

Spaceflight – Introduction

Spaceflight or space flight is the use of space technology to achieve the flight of spacecraft into and through outer space. Spaceflight is used in space exploration, and also in commercial activities like space tourism and satellite telecommunications. Additional non-commercial uses of spaceflight include space observatories, reconnaissance satellites and other earth observation satellites. A spaceflight [...]

Orbital spaceflight – Introduction

Spaceflight

orbital spaceflight (or orbital flight) is a spaceflight in which a spacecraft is placed on a trajectory where it could remain in space for at least one orbit. To do this around the Earth, it must be on a free trajectory which has an altitude at perigee (altitude at closest approach) above (this is, by [...]

Space Force (Action Force) – Graphic Representation

Space Organizations

A space-based unit, the characters and toys were released around the time of the second wave of enthusiasm for space travel and exploration at the start of the shuttle orbiter program (in 1981) during the space-friendly Reagan administration and the ”Star Wars” era. The range was small and limited in scope. Described in promotional material [...]

1974 in science – Astronomy and space exploration

Space Astronomy

* February 8 – After 84 days in space, the last crew of the temporary American space station Skylab return to Earth *date unknown* A radio telescope sent the message “Is there anyone out there?” to the consellation Hercules. It will take 25,000 years to arrive. Adapted from the Wikipedia article 1974 in science, under [...]

Islamic cosmology – Cosmology in the medieval Islamic world

Cosmology

Cosmology was studied extensively in the Muslim world during what is known as the Islamic Golden Age from the 7th to 15th centuries. There are exactly seven verses in the Quran that specify that there are seven heavens. One verse says that each heaven or sky has its own order, possibly meaning laws of nature. [...]

Private spaceflight – Private spaceflight companies

Commercial launchers The space transport business serves primarily national government and large commercial customer segments. Launches of government payloads, including military, civilian and scientific satellites, is the largest market segment at nearly $100 billion a year. This segment is dominated by domestic favorites such as the United Launch Alliance for U.S. government payloads and Arianespace [...]

Astrobiology – Introduction

Astrobiology is the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe. Earth is the only known inhabited planet in the universe to date. However, advancements in the fields of astrobiology, observational astronomy and discovery of large varieties of extremophiles with extraordinary capability to thrive in harshest environments on Earth, have [...]

NASA – History

Space race After the Soviet space program’s launch of the world’s first artificial satellite (”Sputnik 1”) on October 4, 1957, the attention of the United States turned toward its own fledgling space efforts. The U.S. Congress, alarmed by the perceived threat to national security and technological leadership (known as the “Sputnik crisis”), urged immediate and [...]

Space Generation Advisory Council – Introduction

Space Generation Advisory Council in support of the United Nations Programme on Space Applications is a non-governmental organization which “aims to bring the views of students and young space professionals to the United Nations, Space Agencies and other organisations”. SGAC’s primary work has been in advancing space policy making, representing the world’s youth on space [...]

Outline of space exploration – Essence of space exploration

: ”Main article: Space exploration” * Big Science * Exploration * High tech * Space * Spaceflight Adapted from the Wikipedia article Outline of space exploration, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

Spacecraft – Introduction

Adapted from the Wikipedia article Spacecraft, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki









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