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Introduction to general relativity – Astrophysical applications

Models based on general relativity play an important role in astrophysics, and the success of these models is further testament to the theory’s validity. Gravitational lensing Since light is deflected in a gravitational field, it is possible for the light of a distant object to reach an observer along two or more paths. For instance, [...]

James Clerk Maxwell Telescope – Introduction

James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) is an infrared telescope with a primary mirror diameter of 15 metres (16.4 yards), also called a submillimetre-wavelength telescope. It is located at Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii. It is the largest astronomical telescope in the world designed specifically to operate in the submillimetre regime (between the far-infrared and the [...]

Amateur astronomy – Amateur astronomy objectives

Astronomy

Collectively, amateur astronomers observe a variety of celestial objects and phenomena. Common targets of amateur astronomers include the Moon, planets, stars, comets, meteor showers, and a variety of deep sky objects such as star clusters, galaxies, and nebulae. Many amateurs like to specialise in observing particular objects, types of objects, or types of events which [...]

Allen Telescope Array – Key science goals

The science goals listed here represent the goals of the most important projects that will be conducted over the next three years with the ATA. Each of these goals is associated with one of the 4 stages of development (see Table 1). The bulleted items are the projects that will be undertaken and the subtopics [...]

Ultraviolet astronomy – Introduction

Ultraviolet astronomy is generally used to refer to observations of electromagnetic radiation at ultraviolet wavelengths between approximately 10 and 320 nanometres; shorter wavelengths—higher energy photons—are studied by X-ray astronomy and gamma ray astronomy. Light at these wavelengths is absorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere, so observations at these wavelengths must be performed from the upper atmosphere [...]

Astronomy – Specific subfields

Astronomy

Solar astronomy The solar system is subdivided into the inner planets, the asteroid belt, and the outer planets. The inner terrestrial planets consist of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The outer gas giant planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Beyond Neptune lies the Kuiper Belt, and finally the Oort Cloud, which may extend as [...]

Galactic astronomy – Introduction

Galactic astronomy is the study of our own Milky Way galaxy and all its contents. This is in contrast to extragalactic astronomy, which is the study of everything outside our galaxy, including all other galaxies. Galactic astronomy should not be confused with galaxy formation and evolution, which is the general study of galaxies, their formation, [...]

Solar mass – Introduction

Gravitational Astronomy

solar mass (begin{smallmatrix}M_odotend{smallmatrix}), , is a standard way to express mass in astronomy, used to describe the masses of other stars and galaxies. It is equal to the mass of the Sun, about two nonillion kilograms or about 332,950 times the mass of the Earth or 1,048 times the mass of Jupiter. :M_{odot}=( 1.98892 pm [...]

History of astronomy – New windows into the Cosmos open

Gamma Ray Astronomy

Late in the 19th century, scientists began discovering forms of light which were invisible to the naked eye: X-Rays, gamma rays, radio waves, microwaves, ultraviolet radiation, and infrared radiation. This had a major impact on astronomy, spawning the fields of infrared astronomy, radio astronomy, x-ray astronomy and finally gamma-ray astronomy. With the advent of spectroscopy [...]

Telecommunication (song) – Lyrics

UV Astronomy

The song details types of energy transmitted across time and space. The first line mentions “ultraviolet..radio light..to your solar system…” indicating someone or something is attempting to communicate across the galaxy. In astronomy, UV light is emitted by very hot objects. A motif in the bands lyrics is alien life forms (with A Flock of [...]

Recessional velocity – Application to Cosmology

Observational Astronomy

This term is generally only used in reference to distant Galaxies. The most common reason for the use of this term is Hubble’s Law, which states that the redshift is proportional to the distance between an inertial observer and a distant galaxy. The redshift is usually interpreted as due to Recessional Velocity which can be [...]

Islamic cosmology – Cosmology in the medieval Islamic world

Cosmology

Cosmology was studied extensively in the Muslim world during what is known as the Islamic Golden Age from the 7th to 15th centuries. There are exactly seven verses in the Quran that specify that there are seven heavens. One verse says that each heaven or sky has its own order, possibly meaning laws of nature. [...]









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