Gilgamesh quest for imortality end up to discovery the purpose of life-

In Babylonian legend, king of Uruk, is the hero of the Gilgamesh epic, It tells of the adventures of the warlike and imperious Gilgamesh and his friend Enkidu. When Enkidu suddenly sickened and died, Gilgamesh became obsessed by a fear of death. His ancestor Ut-napishtim (who with his wife had been the only survivor of a great flood) told him of a plant that gave eternal life. After obtaining the plant, however, Gilgamesh left it unguarded and a serpent carried it off. The hero then turned to the ghost of Enkidu for consoling knowledge of the afterlife, only to be told by his friend that a gloomy future awaited the dead.

Gilgamesh started a journey to discover the cure for death ,he must be a curious person– it sound mythy thus, he went through hurdles, he fought monsters, he risk his life , but after he got the plant just a mere sleep took immortality from him , then he has to come back home empty handed, lucky he was loved for what he has done , he has built great during his reign and he could finally claimed that he actually got immortality because his name is written in plata of gold in the front of the city for leading challenge to build great civilization among is people. Also, he was a bully in his earlier life but he finally became a good person, example of this lies how he met Enkindu who does not even have 1 single cloth – but Enkindu has wisdom and the sixth sense to see beyond, and this is what raised him – But since nobody knows tomorrow, is bett

What we are going to learn in the story of Gilgamesh?

The stories of Gilgamesh tell us about a triad of human experience:

(1) Our relationship with ourself , ourprophet and God

(2) Our relationships with each other and “Self”;

(3) And our relationship with the natural world and the other species that inhabit it. The first category is the house of cosmogony, theology, death, and destiny.

The second, the reside of agriculture, culture, humanities and science, civilization, technology, and genuine warfare. Then there is the planet earth, our environment and stories of homo sapiens living on the land and sea. The categories overlap, evident in seminal essays like “The Land Ethic” where Aldo Leopold suggests that the law of ethics, the evolution of human rights, will be extended to include the land itself and all species that inhabit it.

Mythology of State/ Mythology of Self: a common theme in mythology which underscores the tension between the individual and what the individual desires (private agendas) and the individual and the obligations to the group in which he or she lives (public agendas). Ultimately in most stories the outcome demonstrates how heroes come to understand the necessity of community and thus come to see themselves more clearly as interdependent members of a particular group or society.

Triumh and Tragedy: the twin pillars at the Lion’s Gate of Western Thought. Triumph is the genre of the romance/ adventure where the hero overcomes all obstacles; it is the story of unlimited possibility regardless of the agony one faces. In Homer, Odysseus epitomizes the hero who gets it all. On the other hand, Tragedy is about limits to human freedom. Tragedy teaches the consequences of excess. However tragedy as a genre can still be a celebration of life as in the end of the Oresteia.

Someone once said that our secrets are all the same. While I believe in universals among humans, the notion seems difficult to realize in a world of such diversity. In truth, perhaps the best of all of us do share a common hope: to be at peace with the world, to come to terms with the failings of love and the ramifications of hate, to shed the strategies of division that systematically teach us to think narrowly. I believe that mythology often includes a bewildering story of a hero’s capacity to do good, to be a living creature with soul and reason–regardless of the agony of life. In this, a great many of the mythic voices are consistent even in the matter of details.

1. The individual in the world, particularly in relationship to others and to the natural world.

Begin with the assumption that storytelling is vital to human health. In History , our relationship to the world at large has been, in part, the story of ethics and humanity, the actualization of equality and peace through narrative art. The central theme of Gilgamesh begins with a simple question: Gilgamesh is portrayed in the prologue as an oppressor or tyrant. What happens to this view of him as the story progresses?

Other themes are worthy of in-depth discussion. Heroes are people who know secret things. Plato’s allegory of the cave characterizes the place of the hero within the world. Are heroes ever to be pitied?

2. The limits of creative imagination and human possibility. Gilgamesh pushes the boundaries of known human experience.

3. The significance of history

4. The quest for peace.

5. The role of wilderness in shaping human identity and consciousness

6. Nature and culture: the coming of Enkidu

7. The hero’s journey: Joseph Campbell’s The Hero with a Thousand Faces (1949) delineates the stages of the heroic quest–the call to adventure, the aid of mentors, the crossing of thresholds, the trials and tribulations, the supreme ordeal, the road back, and the revitalization of the community.

Enjoy the poem of his journey:

The one who saw all [Sha nagba imuru ]I will declare to the world,

The one who knew all I will tell about

He saw the great Mystery, he knew the Hidden:

He recovered the knowledge of all the times before the Flood.

He journeyed beyond the distant, he journeyed beyond exhaustion,

And then carved his story on stone.

The skies roared with thunder and the earth heaved,

Then came darkness and a stillness like death.

Lightening smashed the ground and fires blazed out;

Death flooded from the skies.

When the heat died and the fires went out,

The plains had turned to ash.

Father, let me have the Bull of Heaven

To kill Gilgamesh and his city.

For if you do not grant me the Bull of Heaven,

I will pull down the Gates of Hell itself,

Crush the doorposts and flatten the door,

And I will let the dead leave

And let the dead roam the earth

And they shall eat the living. The dead will overwhelm all the living!

The house where the dead dwell in total darkness,

Where they drink dirt and eat stone,

Where they wear feathers like birds,

Where no light ever invades their everlasting darkness,

Where the door and the lock of Hell is coated with thick dust.

When I entered the House of Dust,

On every side the crowns of kings were heaped,

On every side the voices of the kings who wore those crowns,

Who now only served food to the gods Anu and Enlil,

Candy, meat, and water poured from skins.

I saw sitting in this House of Dust a priest and a servant,

I also saw a priest of purification and a priest of ecstasy,

I saw all the priests of the great gods.

There sat Etana and Sumukan,

There sat Ereshkigal, the queen of Hell,

Beletseri, the scribe of Hell, sitting before her.

Beletseri held a tablet and read it to Ereshkigal.

She slowly raised her head when she noticed me

She pointed at me:

“Who has sent this man?”

The gods shook like beaten dogs, hiding in the far corners of heaven,

Ishtar screamed and wailed:

“The days of old have turned to stone:

We have decided evil things in our Assembly!

Why did we decide those evil things in our Assembly?

Why did we decide to destroy our people?

We have only just now created our beloved humans;

We now destroy them in the sea!”

All the gods wept and wailed along with her,

All the gods sat trembling, and wept.

I [Utnapishtim] released a dove from the boat,

It flew off, but circled around and returned,

For it could find no perch.

I then released a swallow from the boat,

It flew off, but circled around and returned,

For it could find no perch.

I then released a raven from the boat,

It flew off, and the waters had receded:

It eats, it scratches the ground, but it does not circle around and return.

I then sent out all the living things in every direction and sacrificed a sheep on that very spot.

At one time Utnapishtim was mortal.

At this time let him be a god and immortal;

Let him live in the far away at the source of all the rivers.

O woe! What do I do now, where do I go now?

Death has devoured my body,

Death dwells in my body,

Wherever I go, wherever I look, there stands Death!

For whom have I labored? For whom have I journeyed?

For whom have I suffered?

I have gained absolutely nothing for myself,

I have only profited the snake, the ground lion!

When Gilgamesh returns to Uruk, he is empty-handed but reconciled at last to his mortality. He knows that he can’t live forever but that humankind will. Now he sees that the city he had repudiated in his grief and terror is a magnificent, enduring achievement—the closest thing to immortality to which a mortal can aspire. The story tell us that life is about doing good, when we do good , we will remain alive forever, Analyzing leaders that have done good and comparing them with tyrant show that they weekend are easy to forget , that also that human actually goodness .

The story also shows that – Life is a journey toward wisdom (experience + knowledge /goodness + love) to building community and raises a good generation, not toward death. After we die, we will surely go somewhere where we shall account for these things – the reality of this lie in the short sheep we have every night, and of course the seasonal color change of the plants every year- the fact that we remember good people forever show that we are made in the name of goodness, and goodness is immortality -.

Thus, Gilgamesh set out on journey and quest to seize the fruit of immortality- life is sweet and he really want to enjoy it forever , he risked everything , he was determined , he got there -but no, matter what he cant come back with the precious fruit of immortality — but he end discovering nothing but the purpose of our existence and living — wisdom and goodwill– the importance attached to this to build develop great society and raise good kids or protégée that will make a good generation .

marine engineer

Related posts:

1. The Purpose of Life – Gilgamesh Imortality Story
2. Immortality Drive
3. Iowa’s Goodwill Moon Rock: The Magnificent National Treasure

To Mom’

               Your inspiration in me

               Makes me strong all the way

               Your love in me

               Strives me to heaven.

             Love you Mom.

Folks, I am not sure how to delineate about our cultural influences. Being a Manipuri, let me share my view towards our culture. I heard that the culture of Manipur is a very rich with colorful festival & delicious cuisines. When I was young, I had enjoyed many festival related to different religions. Yaosang, Cheraoba, Durga Puja, Id, Xmas etc. To know the culture, we should see history. In reality, we belong to Mongolian not Aryan. Meetie originated from Thailand but we don’t have history when and how we came from. Before the advent of any other religion like Hinduism/Christianity/ Mohammedanism, it is true that there was a primal religion in which we don’t have the real name of the religion but now it is recognized as Sanamahi Religion (Sanamahism), also the divine theory of creation and evolution of the Universe is a significant part in its religious philosophy and practices. Sanamahi, primal religion is really different from others and unique in itself embodied with systematic rites, rituals and profound religious philosophy.

Folks, let’s see a brief about Sanamahism or Meetei Cosmogony. Well, it was believed that there was nothingness and emptiness before the existence of Universe except Yaibirel Sidab

Folks, Sanamahi has been worshiped by Meeties in their houses and there is also different story about that. In short culture is related to religion of that place. Manipur is one of the most religiously diverse places in the world, with some of the most deeply religious societies and cultures. Religion still plays a central and definitive role in the life of most of its people. And we accepted different religion from different places. Then, we made different religions in manipuris aspect in which turns to our culture. Folks, let us focus on how different religions came one by one and how marked the manipuri culture. During the reign of King Charairongba, there was mass conversion of  vaishnavism. Unlike other parts of India, Ramanandi School of Vaishnavism was against the growth of vernacular language in Manipur. Many Puyas were collected and burnt up by Maharaja Garibaniwaz at the instigation of Shantidas Mahanta from Sylhet. However, the actual vainavism that meitie follows in not Ramanandi but most of meeties worship Khrishna. It means that spread of Ramanandi/Hinduism by Shantidas wasn’t worked properly in Manipur. On the other hand, there’s also a big gap about Christian and Muslim influence in Manipur. Angom Purong Singh was the first meetie who baptised into Christian, it was the time when British rules the manipur and he went to hill areas to spread Christianity. And about the Mohemedanism in Manipur a complete blank in history but it is said that the muslim came fromdifferent parts of India like Bangladesh while trading the slaves. At the time of british rule, English brought muslim slave to Manipur.

The teaching of the Sanamahi cult /Pakhangba cult and Bengal Vaishnavism with special reference to Chaitany, Nityai and Norottam Thakur maharaja, etc. are expressed in royal/local rituals. The people are under obligation to perform them connected with both traditions. There are many commentators, which run through all of them. Rajashri Bhaigyachandra is regarded as the maker of Manipuri culture in the fullest sense of the term. Great indeed has been the impact of Vaishnava Ras Lila and its philosophy on the Manipuris. Folks, festival like Lai Haraoba, Ningol Chakouba, Mera Chaoren Houba, Kwak Tanba, Cheiraoba, Chenghongba (offering rice to Nityananda temple), Yaosang, etc, are celebrated according to the custom, manner mythological lore current in this region. Some of them have been merged with Hindu festivals. They mark the significance of season, joys, dances and performance of games and sports. They are considered auspicious for good deeds and national harmony.

In conclusion, I would like to share that whatever the religions, we are one under roof of love of humanity. No need to distiguish ourself by belonging to a particular religion or separating by religion. God is One and Love is God. We can make our culture rich by celebrating each festival of different religions.

With Love Warner Keisham

(wannerkeisham@gmail.com)

Related posts:

1. Basics in All the Religions are the Same
2. Philosophy Of Religion: Main Topics
3. Islam: the Most Rapidly Expanding Religion in Europe

The journey of Gilgamesh-Wisdom and Goodwill= Imortality

Gilgamesh quest for imortality end up to discovery the purpose of life-

In Babylonian legend, king of Uruk, is the hero of the Gilgamesh epic, It tells of the adventures of the warlike and imperious Gilgamesh and his friend Enkidu. When Enkidu suddenly sickened and died, Gilgamesh became obsessed by a fear of death. His ancestor Ut-napishtim (who with his wife had been the only survivor of a great flood) told him of a plant that gave eternal life. After obtaining the plant, however, Gilgamesh left it unguarded and a serpent carried it off. The hero then turned to the ghost of Enkidu for consoling knowledge of the afterlife, only to be told by his friend that a gloomy future awaited the dead.

Gilgamesh started a journey to discover the cure for death ,he must be a curieus person– it sound mythy thus, he went through hurdles, he faught monsters, he risk his life , but after he got the plant just a mere sleep took imortality from him , then he has to come back home empty handed, lucky he was loved for what he has done , he has built great during his reign and he could finaly claimed that he actually got imortality because his name is writen in plata of gold in the front of the city for leading challenge to build great civilization among is people. Also , he was a bully in his earlier life but he finaly became a good peron, exemple of this lies how he met Enkindu who does not even have 1 single cloth – but Enkindu has wisdom and the sixth sence to see beyond , and this is what

What we are going to learn in the story of Gilgamesh?

The stories of Gilgamesh tell us about a triad of human experience:

(1) Our relationship with ourself , ourprophet and God

(2) Our relationships with each other and “Self”;

(3) And our relationship with the natural world and the other species that inhabit it. The first category is the house of cosmogony, theology, death, and destiny.

The second, the reside of agriculture, culture, humanities and science, civilization, technology, and genuine warfare. Then there is the planet earth, our environment and stories of homo sapiens living on the land and sea. The categories overlap, evident in seminal essays like “The Land Ethic” where Aldo Leopold suggests that the law of ethics, the evolution of human rights, will be extended to include the land itself and all species that inhabit it.

Mythology of State/ Mythology of Self: a common theme in mythology which underscores the tension between the individual and what the individual desires (private agendas) and the individual and the obligations to the group in which he or she lives (public agendas). Ultimately in most stories the outcome demonstrates how heroes come to understand the necessity of community and thus come to see themselves more clearly as interdependent members of a particular group or society.

Triumph and Tragedy: the twin pillars at the Lion’s Gate of Western Thought. Triumph is the genre of the romance/ adventure where the hero overcomes all obstacles; it is the story of unlimited possibility regardless of the agony one faces. In Homer, Odysseus epitomizes the hero who gets it all. On the other hand, Tragedy is about limits to human freedom. Tragedy teaches the consequences of excess. However tragedy as a genre can still be a celebration of life as in the end of the Oresteia.

Someone once said that our secrets are all the same. While I believe in universals among humans, the notion seems difficult to realize in a world of such diversity. In truth, perhaps the best of all of us do share a common hope: to be at peace with the world, to come to terms with the failings of love and the ramifications of hate, to shed the strategies of division that systematically teach us to think narrowly. I believe that mythology often includes a bewildering story of a hero’s capacity to do good, to be a living creature with soul and reason–regardless of the agony of life. In this, a great many of the mythic voices are consistent even in the matter of details.

1. The individual in the world, particularly in relationship to others and to the natural world.

Begin with the assumption that storytelling is vital to human health. In History , our relationship to the world at large has been, in part, the story of ethics and humanity, the actualization of equality and peace through narrative art. The central theme of Gilgamesh begins with a simple question: Gilgamesh is portrayed in the prologue as an oppressor or tyrant. What happens to this view of him as the story progresses?

Other themes are worthy of in-depth discussion. Heroes are people who know secret things. Plato’s allegory of the cave characterizes the place of the hero within the world. Are heroes ever to be pitied?

2. The limits of creative imagination and human possibility. Gilgamesh pushes the boundaries of known human experience.

3. The significance of history

4. The quest for peace.

5. The role of wilderness in shaping human identity and consciousness

6. Nature and culture: the coming of Enkidu

7. The hero’s journey: Joseph Campbell’s The Hero with a Thousand Faces (1949) delineates the stages of the heroic quest–the call to adventure, the aid of mentors, the crossing of thresholds, the trials and tribulations, the supreme ordeal, the road back, and the revitalization of the community.

Enjoy the poem of his journey:

The one who saw all [Sha nagba imuru ]I will declare to the world,

The one who knew all I will tell about

He saw the great Mystery, he knew the Hidden:

He recovered the knowledge of all the times before the Flood.

He journeyed beyond the distant, he journeyed beyond exhaustion,

And then carved his story on stone.

The skies roared with thunder and the earth heaved,

Then came darkness and a stillness like death.

Lightening smashed the ground and fires blazed out;

Death flooded from the skies.

When the heat died and the fires went out,

The plains had turned to ash.

Father, let me have the Bull of Heaven

To kill Gilgamesh and his city.

For if you do not grant me the Bull of Heaven,

I will pull down the Gates of Hell itself,

Crush the doorposts and flatten the door,

And I will let the dead leave

And let the dead roam the earth

And they shall eat the living. The dead will overwhelm all the living!

The house where the dead dwell in total darkness,

Where they drink dirt and eat stone,

Where they wear feathers like birds,

Where no light ever invades their everlasting darkness,

Where the door and the lock of Hell is coated with thick dust.

When I entered the House of Dust,

On every side the crowns of kings were heaped,

On every side the voices of the kings who wore those crowns,

Who now only served food to the gods Anu and Enlil,

Candy, meat, and water poured from skins.

I saw sitting in this House of Dust a priest and a servant,

I also saw a priest of purification and a priest of ecstasy,

I saw all the priests of the great gods.

There sat Etana and Sumukan,

There sat Ereshkigal, the queen of Hell,

Beletseri, the scribe of Hell, sitting before her.

Beletseri held a tablet and read it to Ereshkigal.

She slowly raised her head when she noticed me

She pointed at me:

“Who has sent this man?”

The gods shook like beaten dogs, hiding in the far corners of heaven,

Ishtar screamed and wailed:

“The days of old have turned to stone:

We have decided evil things in our Assembly!

Why did we decide those evil things in our Assembly?

Why did we decide to destroy our people?

We have only just now created our beloved humans;

We now destroy them in the sea!”

All the gods wept and wailed along with her,

All the gods sat trembling, and wept.

I [Utnapishtim] released a dove from the boat,

It flew off, but circled around and returned,

For it could find no perch.

I then released a swallow from the boat,

It flew off, but circled around and returned,

For it could find no perch.

I then released a raven from the boat,

It flew off, and the waters had receded:

It eats, it scratches the ground, but it does not circle around and return.

I then sent out all the living things in every direction and sacrificed a sheep on that very spot.

At one time Utnapishtim was mortal.

At this time let him be a god and immortal;

Let him live in the far away at the source of all the rivers.

O woe! What do I do now, where do I go now?

Death has devoured my body,

Death dwells in my body,

Wherever I go, wherever I look, there stands Death!

For whom have I labored? For whom have I journeyed?

For whom have I suffered?

I have gained absolutely nothing for myself,

I have only profited the snake, the ground lion!

When Gilgamesh returns to Uruk, he is empty-handed but reconciled at last to his mortality. He knows that he can’t live forever but that humankind will. Now he sees that the city he had repudiated in his grief and terror is a magnificent, enduring achievement—the closest thing to immortality to which a mortal can aspire. The story tell us that life is about doing good, when we do good , we will remain alive forever, Analyzing leaders that have done good and comparing them with tyrant show that they weekend are easy to forget , that also that human actually goodness .

The story also show that – Life is a journey toward wisdom( experience + knowledge /goodness + love) to building commuinty and raise a good generation , not toward death. After we die, we will surely somewhere whee we shall acount for these things – the reality this lie in the shor sheep we have every night , and of course the seasonal of color of the plants every year- the fact we remember good people forever show that we are made in the name of goodness, and goodness is imortality -.

Thus Gilagamesh set out on journey and quest to seize the fruit of imortality- life is sweet and he really want to enjoy it forever , he risked everything , he was determined , he goth there -but no,atter what he cant come back with the precious fruit of imortality — but he end discovering nothing but the purpose of our existence and living — wisdom and goodwill– the importance attched to this to build develop great society and raise good kids or protegee that will make a good generation .

Related posts:

1. The Journey of Gilgamesh-wisdom and Goodwill= Immortality
2. Life Story Of Louis Wain 1860-1939 And His Funny Animal Art
3. The Purpose of Work

1.0. INTRODUCTION

According to Oxford Dictionary, history is “the study of past events.” It is important that the citizens of a country have knowledge of the important past events that have taken place in the country. In the same vein every student of philosophy is expected not only to have knowledge of the history of philosophy but a first class knowledge of it, if he or she desires to become an outstanding philosopher. As a division of studies, the History of Philosophy tries to investigate the past of men in their rational venture. According to William Turner the History of Philosophy is “the exposition of philosophical opinions and of systems and schools of philosophy.” The History of Philosophy does not only deal with the positions, systems and schools of philosophy, but also gives considerations to the lives of philosophers, the common link of the systems and schools of thought, moreover, it also makes an effort to trace the route of philosophical progression and retrogression.

The general conception, even among professional philosophers, is that Greece is the cradle of philosophy. Therefore, almost all the available histories of philosophy, and philosophers themselves, agree that the so-called Pre-Socratics were the first or earliest philosophers, at least, in the Western world. Unlike the early thinkers of India and China, the Pre-Socratics did not think exegetically out of ancient scriptures or poems, but they spoke “as disrespectfully of the greatest poets they did to each other.” The most excell

Now, in dealing with ancient philosophy, we are wholly confined to written records, which are usually fragmentary and are often second handed unreliable and doubtful information. Apart from lack of first hand information, the greatest obstacle we have to surmount is the mass of scholastic explanations and dogmas, which favour the Greek origin of philosophy found in the available histories of philosophy. To clear that away is perhaps the greatest service that can be rendered to philosophy. However, all we intend to do is to point out the way, and warn others off tracks that have already been confirmed to lead nowhere.

The aim of this paper therefore is to trace the origin of philosophy. To achieve this aim, we shall proceed first by defining the term philosophy. Then, we shall give a consideration to the origin of civilization and science. After that, we shall highlight the positions of some philosophers who maintained that philosophy began with the Greeks and those who are of the view that that philosophy originated outside Greece.  From there, we shall proceed to evaluate our work and finally draw up a conclusion.

2.0. THE MEANING OF PHILOSOPHY

The word philosophy is generally believed to be of Greek origin (?), precisely a combination of the two Greek words that goes thus, ‘philo’ meaning love and ‘sophia’ meaning wisdom. Since it is almost generally accepted that the word philosophy is etymologically of Greek origin, then, it is easy for beginners in the study of philosophy to conclude that philosophy has its origin in Greece and it began with the Greeks. In the study of philosophy, the beginners of this study even before knowing what philosophy is all about, are already acquainted with the names of Greek philosophers like Thales, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. While some people maintained that Greece is the cradle of philosophy, others do not.

In the first place philosophy is not mythology. According to Pythagoras (0), whose scientific studies had an enormous influence on the development of philosophy, the word philosophy means the love of wisdom. To philosophize then is to pursue wisdom through a consistent effort of reflection, which in itself entails definite ethical requirements; for indeed no man can philosophize and indulge in such ways of life as are incompatible with philosophical thinking. By the word “philosophy”, we mean a critical science of being in general. This does not only involve the initial knowledge of existent, common to all men and beginning from infancy, but a mature and organic knowledge with a method surpassing those of the other sciences (Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Biology) in intensity and comprehension. Philosophy is not only limited to the quantity of beings as in mathematics, or to mass and movements of beings as in physics, or to life and nature as in Biological sciences; but a constant effort to acquire wisdom.

Let us try to look at some of the numerous attempts made to define Philosophy. Hence, we shall be looking at Philosophy in the loose sense and philosophy in the strict sense.

2.1. PHILOSOPHY IN THE LOOSE OR ORDINARY SENSE:

Here, philosophy can be said to be an individual’s belief or approach to the issues of life, hence, various people have their various life philosophies depending on the way individuals view things. This definition is very much in line with the etymological conception of the term.

The etymology of the term philosophy belongs to its conception in the loose sense. Most philosophers are of the opinion that the word philosophy is of Greek origin, that is, from the two Greek words that go thus: ‘philo’ which means love, and ‘sophia’ which means wisdom. From this we can infer that philosophy is the love of wisdom. According to its classical definition, “wisdom is the knowledge of the first principles and the first causes. It includes the knowledge of many other things as well. But in so far as one is using his wisdom, a philosopher knows all the rest, or at least, knowledge of things related to the first principles and the first causes. Thus every time one succeeds in substituting some principles and causes of knowledge for knowledge itself, one is already on his way to finding wisdom, at least in part. The earliest known philosophers are philosophers in this sense. Philosophy as love of wisdom is a reflective activity that searches for answers to the basic questions that arise in men’s hearts as they ponder on human experience or reality in general. Philosophy, therefore, as Aristotle conceived it, begins from wonder, for wonder is the feeling of the philosophers.  When, for instance, man looks at himself or the world in which he lives, he is filled with wonder and many questions arise in his mind. When he ponders on these questions in an attempt to find rational answers to them, he is said to be philosophizing.   To this extent, we can infer that philosophizing begins with and is inherent in our daily activities or experiences such as eating or drinking; birth or growth; and death or decay to mention but a few. An experience like drinking is sufficient enough to make us philosophize. For instance, one may ask the following questions in the course of drinking, what should I drink? What quantity of drink should I take? Irrational beings are incapable of asking such questions. Perhaps, such questions are asked because what we drink and the quantity of drink we take can affect the pleasure we derive from drinking. For instance, if one drinks to the point of getting intoxicated, the purpose of drinking (happiness) will be defeated. Philosophizing as seen in the case of drinking above is not only limited to drinking, it is also true of other realities. From the above illustration we can infer that all human beings are philosophers in the loosed sense of the word and as a matter of fact, there is no age without philosophy even prior to the development of Greek thought, since philosophy began from wonder and man has always wondered about the things around him and human experience.

2.2. PHILOSOPHY IN THE STRICT (PROFESSIONAL SENSE):

In the strict sense, philosophy does not have a generally accepted definition. There are as many definitions of the term as there are many philosophers. A novice who may ask the question, “What is philosophy?” for the first time would be struck with astonishment to discover that the definition of philosophy is not even agreed upon by those who are specialist in the discipline. For instance, if one is to pick ten different philosophers from ten different schools of philosophy and ask them what philosophy is, one is likely to have a record of ten different answers. The following definitions are the conceptions of what philosophy is by different philosophers:

Jacques Maritain conceives of philosophy as a wisdom which is characterized with knowing, this knowledge must be known with assurance. Still according to him, one must give reasons why one maintains that something is this and not otherwise. However, these reasons must command the assent of the intellect.

Meanwhile, Aristotle regards philosophy as the awareness of the truth

Epicurus’ view about the term philosophy is that it is an occupation which guarantees happiness through the means of conversation and exchange of views.

Although philosophy does not have a universally accepted definition, it must however be “critical, rigorous, open to criticism and as a truth it must be tentative and acceptable only on the basis of clear evidential support.”Thus, for a philosopher to be critical means that his position must have a rational basis. A philosopher being rigorous means that his position must have being carefully and well thought out. No matter how wonderful a philosophical thought is, such a thought must only be held tentatively and only on the basis of clear evidential proof, that is, it must be held only for as long as there are no contrary evidences negating the position. This particular criterion shows that a philosopher’s position is always open to criticism. All the criteria listed above must necessarily be met before anything can pass as philosophical in the technical sense of the word.

3.0. WHO THEN IS A PHILOSOPHER?

A philosopher then is not necessarily someone who has been able to solve the entire problems and questions in the universe but one who is able to critically reflect on them with the aim of finding solutions to them. Thus a philosopher can do nothing else than to philosophize. In addition, he must be logically consistent, endowed with rational, critical, rigorous and analytical skills. And he must use argumentations and clarifications to offer insightful solutions to some fundamental question for the betterment of the society and a better understanding of the world.

Many people are fond of saying, from time to time, that they too are philosophers. Obviously we know that everyone is not a philosopher.  Homer and Hesiod, the earliest mythopoets are not even regarded as philosophers because their works are based on stories about the gods and their relation with humans. I hope I will not startle you, or sound impertinent, scandalous, and ridiculous or rebellious, if I say that even some professors of philosophy are not philosophers; for teaching philosophy and philosophizing is far from being the same thing.  Today, philosophy is not possible without a reflex critique of knowledge,that is, a critique whose function is to show that certain experiences and knowledge may not always be tenable. We shall employ these characteristics in our discussion.

With these preliminary notes we have represented the earliest Greek philosophic thoughts, which is the ultimate product of the ancient Ionian civilization. But we must not fail to remember that Ionia was the meeting place of the west and east, so that the question may be asked whether or not Greek philosophy was due to the oriental influences, whether for instance, it is borrowed from the Babylonians or Egyptians. This view has been maintained, but we cannot abandon it as suggested by Frederick Copleston and his colleagues. Secondly, we have tried to explain what we mean by philosophy and philosophers in order to avoid equivocations.

Surely, numerous questions must have been generated by what we have been discussing: Are Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes philosophers in the real sense of the word? And if they are not, what is the use of saying that philosophy was born in Greece. Even if they are philosopher in the sense we now use the term “philosopher”, are they the first to philosophize in the entire universe? Are these earliest known Greek philosophers truly indigenous Greeks or foreigners?

Since philosophy is associated with civilization, was Greece the first city in world to be civilized? Failure to get affirmative answers to our question will go a long way to prove that the popular conception that philosophy originated from the Greece is mendacious. Finally, since, as we have pointed out that all the first generation of the Greek philosophers from Thales (who measured the pyramid) to Pythagoras, from Anaxagoras to Plato travelled to Egypt to enlarge their knowledge13in mathematics, geometry, surgery and deontology, in what ways then could what is labelled “Greek Philosophy” be originally Greek? In other words, was it not because of oriental influences? In order to arrive at a lucid and reasonable answers that would be able to address this misnomer, we must dig deep into the pages of history, world chronologies and history of civilization while at the same time trying to reflect on our question.

3.1. CAN WE SAY THAT THALES, ANAXIMANDER AND ANAXIMENES ARE PHILOSOPHERS?

Dario Composta’s in his History of Ancient Philosophy (1988), says, “the three Ionians were doubtless philosophers,” given the fact that Aristotle, who though was not a reliable historian of the Pre- Socratics Philosophy,called Thales an “initiator of Philosophy” in the following text from his metaphysics.

The majority of those who philosophized before thought that the principles of all things were only material…Nevertheless, these philosophers do not agree about the number and species of these principles (archer). Thales, initiator (archegos) of this type of philosophy, states that the principle is water.

This school of philosophy must have originated from Thales. It was active for about fifty years, around 7-5 century B.C., in Miletus and it was not devoid of religious influences. This religiosity does not imply a strict adherence to myth in Homeric or Orphic sense, but a rational and critical interpretation of myth which arises from a historical analysis of reality. This analysis transfigures theogony into cosmogony through either a scientific or philosophical explanations.Their philosophy grew during the prosperous time of Miletus history.

Even though that, some contemporary philosophers and historians consider the “Milesians” as the earliest “thinkers who hold that matter (hyle) is living (zoe), or that the universe (pan) is animate (psyche)”, and that Aristotle Sargis called them “physiologoi” or scholars of nature, that is, physical scientists, with nature of being understood here in the global sense as the sum of beings; our belief that they are philosophers rest on the fact that they have prevalence interest in scientific research and that their desire for the divine reveal a philosophical intent.The credibility of Aristotle’s testimony is supported by other arguments. First and foremost, Thales was listed first as one of the seven sages by the “father of history” Herodotus, when he referred to Solon as a “lover of wisdom”. Another fact that confirms is that if it is true that Thales possessed Phoenician blood of his mother’s side, according to Diogenes Laertius in his lives of philosophers. And if he was inclined to seafaring adventures and empirical researches, it means that his response does not come from theogonies as in the case of Hesiod, but from the research of a primordial element which rests at the foundation of every being.However, the phrase ‘initiator of this type of philosophy’, in  Aristotle’s reference to Thales as philosopher, at least, indicates that some other forms of philosophic thoughts may have existed before that of these earliest “known” Milesian philosophers. It is true and undeniable that the “Greeks left an imperishable legacy of literature and art to European world”due to the sudden rise of civilization in Greece, and of course philosophic speculations which gave birth to philosophy.

Our question now is, even if  these ‘known’ Greeks are philosophers, as has been justified by some scholars, are they really the first to philosophize in the entire universe? And if they are not, why should we regard Greece as the cradle of philosophy? Let us critically examine this question.

4.0. CIVILISATION AND SCIENNCE:

Having looked at philosophy and its various senses, let us try to critically distinguish it from science civilization. “Civilization is a social order promoting cultural creation.”

The earliest civilization grew up in the valleys of certain great rivers, the Great Rivers, the Nile, the Euphrates, the Tigris, the Indus and the Yellow river… Europe owes most to those around the Nile and the Tigris and Euphrates… these two civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia were developing at about the same time.

Scholars may disagree on the location of the cradle of the human race, but on the cradle of its civilization there is no disagreement. It lies in the area which, in this study, is called the Near East and is comprised of the Fertile Crescent –with its two horns of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq), Syria, and Palestine–Egypt, Anatolia (Asia Minor, Turkey), and Persia or Iran. The “Near East,” originally a European geographical term loosely used to designate that part of south-western Asia nearest Europe, was borrowed by America, parts of which are nearer the Far East. This was the prevailing usage until the Second World War, when the British Government created a military province extending from Iran to Libya and named it the Middle East, a term until then traditionally applied to India and adjacent territory. A Middle East supply centre was thereupon established in Cairo and later became an Anglo-American project, thus giving sanction to the new terminology.

Meanwhile, Egypt is often described as the gift of the Nile. The Nile with its early inundation of the land along its banks left behind reach alluvial soil. Areas close to the flood pain became attractive as a source of food and water. In time, climatic changes including periods of aridity further served to confine human habitation to the Nile Valley, although this was not always true.

4.1. SCIENCE

Domestication of plants and animals, metallurgy, pottery, and other material objects are not the only gifts from the Near East. Our seven day week stems from the story of creation as recorded in Genesis and from an early Semitic system of numeration in which the number seven figured. The Babylonians considered seven celestial bodies to be planets. To the first of these they dedicated the first day of the week, hence our Sunday; to the second, the moon, the second day was devoted, whence comes our Monday. The seventh, Saturn, gave us Saturday. From those same Mesopotamians we inherited the hexadecimal system represented today by our division of the hour into sixty minutes, the minutes into sixty seconds and the circle into three hundred and sixty (a multiple of sixty) degrees. The division of the day into twelve hours comes from Egypt. From Egypt also comes the solar calendar introduced by Julius Caesar and reformed by Pope Gregory.

“Perhaps science, like civilization in general began with Agriculture.”If science like civilization in general began with Agriculture as surmised by Will Durant, then we can infer that science has its origin in Egypt since Egypt was described as the gift of the Nile. This illustration shows that Egypt cannot be bypassed when a discussion is held about the origin of science. It is therefore, of great importance for us at this us to this point to talk briefly about Egyptian science.

Egypt, as history testifies, was a place favoured by God. It has attained a level of civilization for at least two thousand years even before Crete, which is the first Greek to exist. During this time, Greece was a colony of Egypt for centuries. At this time also, Egypt already had a university called “The Mystery System” where every kind of disciplines were taught by the Egyptian priests. As at the reign of “The Mystery System,” the different kinds of disciplines like: mathematics, astronomy, medicine, philosophy and so on, that were taught were all fused together under the one umbrella known as sciences. It was only in recent time that philosophy was narrowed down through its separation from the other disciplines with which it was fused.

The scholars of Egypt were mostly priests, enjoying, far from the turmoil of life, the comfort and security of the temples, and it was these priests who, despite all their superstitions, laid the foundation of Egyptian science. According to their own legends the sciences had been invented some 1800 B.C. by Thoth, the Egyptian god of wisdom, during his three-thousand-year-long reign on earth, and the most ancient books in each science were among the two thousand volumes composed by this learned deity…  At this very outset of recorded Egyptian history we find mathematics highly developed; the design and construction of the pyramids involved a precision of measurement impossible without considerable mathematical lore. The dependence of Egyptian life upon the fluctuations of the Nile led to careful records and calculations of the rise and recession of the river; surveyors and scribes were continually remeasuring the land whose boundaries had been obliterated by the inundation, and this measuring of the land was evidently the origin of geometry. Nearly all the ancients agreed in ascribing the invention of this science to the Egyptian.

“Zoser, who ruled about 3000 B.C., was the first pharaoh to become famous as a pyramid builder. At Sakkara, to the south of Memphis, he built the first large pyramid known in history. It is of ‘step’ or ‘terraced’ formation….” As for medicine it was the glory of Egyptian science. It started with the priests and in it was found the proofs of its magical origin.Meanwhile, many people from Greece, Asia Minor and other parts of Africa became students of these priests. Among these students were Thales, Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Plato, Aristotle and other notable philosophers; some among them are those some Western historians classified as the first philosophers.

5.0. WHERE IS THE ORIGIN OF PHILOSOPHY?

Long before the curtain rose on written records, Near Easterners had developed urban life with ordered governments, religions, and social and economic institutions. Still earlier, those who occupied the arch of the Fertile Crescent and nearby territory had discovered metal, realized its potentialities, and worked it into tools and weapons that replaced the more primitive stone implements of the preceding generations. In those crude tools of flint and copper lay a dim vision of the gigantic machines and engines so vital to our modern life. Even earlier, and probably in that same general area, primitive man learned through long and sustained experience, initiated by chance, that certain wild plants could be cultivated and certain wild animals could be domesticated. He then lifted himself from the status of a food gatherer–wandering from place to place in quest of sustenance–to that of a food producer, with a dependable reservoir of food which made possible a settled life with its accumulation of wealth, an increase in population and leisure time part of which could be devoted to the cultivation of the higher things of life. Civilization first developed where it did because this was the one region of the globe that provided the climate, vegetation, and fauna necessary for transition from a life of nomadic grazing and hunting to a settled one.

For most people, philosophy began in Miletus in Greece and the Greeks are the first philosophers. To give a justification for their arguments they quickly recite litanies of Greek philosophers such as the ones mentioned above and their exact periods of existence, with this, they are able to defeat the shallow-minded fellows who may attempt to engage them in debate with regard to the cradle of philosophy. The question is: why the Greeks? What was special about the Greeks that led to the origin of philosophy with them? For many years now, the simple answer given to this question is that the Greeks were different; they had some special genius that enabled them to think about things in new and different ways. This answer of course, is unsatisfactory because it was not the entire Greeks that were blessed with this genetic endowment but only some of them like the Milesians and the Athenians, while the Spartans were excluded. Some philosophers and historians have attempted to trace the birthplace of philosophy and to them; especially the Westerners in their writings have demonstrated that the birth place of philosophy is Greece.

Samuel Enoch Stumpf is of the view that “the birth place of philosophy was the seaport town of Miletus located across the Aegean Sea from Athens on the Western shores of either Milesians or Ionians.

Giovanni Reale in his book titled From the Origins to Socrates is of the view that:

“Philosophy,” both in its semantic sense as well as in its conceptual content, is a creation peculiar to the Greeks. In fact, in every other respect practically all the other components of Greek civilization are to be found in other peoples of the East, who achieved a certain level of progress prior to the Greeks. Where as with respect to philosophy, there is no corresponding achievement or even something resembling it to be found…in the matter of philosophy, we find that it is a new phenomenon that has neither any identical counterpart in the Eastern peoples, nor anything which could be compared with the philosophy of the Greeks or which prefigures philosophy in an unequivocal way.

Hegel, a historian and German philosopher, associated philosophy with freedom and the knowledge of oneself. To him, the Greeks were the first people to find freedom; hence philosophy in the proper sense began in Greece.He insisted on this despite the fact that this freedom was limited because slavery at this time still existed in some part of Greece.

Bertrand Russell also traces the birthplace of philosophy to Greece. According to him, “philosophy begins with Thales, who, fortunately, can be dated by the fact that he predicted an eclipse which, according to astronomers, occurred in the year 585 B.C.”

George Henry Lewes (1817-1878), a renowned philosopher, published his The History of Philosophy in 1845. In his book mentioned above, Lewes was of the view that philosophy started in Greece because of the following reason:

It is more probable that Thales, both by birth and education, would be induced to remain there (Miletus), than that he would travel into Egypt and Crete for the prosecution of his studies, as some maintain, although upon no sufficient authority. The only ground for the conjecture is the fact of Thales having acquired mathematical knowledge; and from very early times, as we see in Herodotus, it was the fashion to derive. So little consistency is there however in this narrative of his voyages, that he is said to have astonished the Egyptians by showing them how to measure the heights of the pyramids by their shadows. A nation so easily astonished by one of the simplest mathematical problems could have had little to teach. Perhaps the strongest proof that he never travelled into Egypt– or that if he travelled there, he never learned from the priests– is the absence of all trace, however slight, of any Egyptian doctrine in his philosophy which

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IS VEDIC CIVILIZATION THE REMNANTS OF THE LEGENDARY ATLANTIS.

In the course of our journey to find out where we came from, there has been many theories most of them backed by scientific explanation and proofs. Archaeologists, Anthropologists, Geologists, Paleontologists, and Historians all have given us theories after theories and all with some amount of scientific data and evidences. In spite of all their efforts there are many archaeological, anthropological, geological, finds and evidences that defies straight logic and defies the present scientific status on the origin of civilization. To me one of the most intriguing evidence of the origin of civilization is the Vedic scriptures. The scriptures are a store house of knowledge and evidences of the origin of civilization which when analyzed and studied will push the date of the origin of intelligent human civilization much later than what we currently know and what we are currently taught and made to belief.  In fact now a day studies are being conducted in this area and scientists, historians, linguists, anthropologists are now looking at the Vedas in a different light. Writers like Dr David Frawley, Graham Hancock, Dr Michael Cremo, Zacharia sitchin , Dr B.G.Sidharth, Dr.Sidharth Kak have done extensive studies of the Vedic scriptures and because of them, today the perception towards the scriptures all over the world seems to be changing.

In most examinations of lost civilizations, there has been a surprising tendency to leave India out of the picture. While the wonders of E

In my earlier articles I have made an effort to bring to my readers this vastness of the Vedic scriptures and the scientific nature of the scriptures. I have made an effort to let my readers know that the Vedic civilization is by no means a civilization of the natives as projected by the West, but a civilization which was very advanced, scientific, and very prolific. This civilization was in fact the progenitor of many civilizations in the world. AND the Vedic civilization was probably the oldest civilization and the only civilization that evolved after the last glaciations some 15000 years ago. It gave rise to many other civilization in the world but in the Indian subcontinent ( I am not talking of any political boundary here ) this civilization has been a continuous phenomenon till date.

Writing this article I must write about Bal Gangadhar Tilak who was also known as Lokmanya Tilak. It was his work on the Vedic civilization that sparked lot of anger among the then British Government . Bal Gangadhar Tilak, was an Indian nationalist, social reformer and freedom fighter who was the first popular leader of the Indian Independence Movement. Tilak sparked the fire for complete independence in Indian consciousness, and is considered the father of Hindu nationalism as well. “ Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it!” This famous quote of his is very popular and well-remembered in India even today.

Reverently addressed as Lokmanya (meaning “Beloved of the people” or “Revered by the world”), Tilak was a scholar of Indian history, Sanskrit, Hinduism, mathematics and astronomy. He was born on July 23, 1856, in a village near Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, into a middle class Chitpavan Brahmin family. Tilak was an avid student with a special aptitude for mathematics. He was among India’s first generation of youth to receive a modern, college education.  Tilak authored the well-regarded  “The Orion”, or, Researches into the antiquities of the Vedas (1893) in which he used astronomy to establish that the Vedic people were present in India at least as early as the 4th millennium BC.  Later, in 1903, he wrote the much more speculative Arctic Home in the Vedas. In it he argued that the Vedas could only have been composed in the Arctics, and the Aryan bards brought them south after the onset of the last Ice age.  The rig Veda, the oldest of the Vedas,  if was composed in the arctic region then it means that there was a civilization which was present in such a distant past and post the last glaciations could this very civilization moved to all possible part of the world where it felt it could be safe from the impending disastrous effects of the glaciations. Then would it be right enough to presume that the Vedic civilization, as we know it today, is the logical conclusion of a much older, much scientific, much well organized civilization? A civilization which is not present now, a civilization that exists only in the legends?

His passion was cartography. His high rank within the Turkish navy allowed him to have a privileged access to the Imperial Library of Constantinople.

The Turkish admiral admits in a series of notes on the map that he compiled and copied the data from a large number of source maps, some of which dated back to the fourth century BC or earlier.

The Piri Reis map shows the western coast of Africa, the eastern coast of South America, and the northern coast of Antarctica. The northern coastline of Antarctica is perfectly detailed. The most puzzling however is not so much how Piri Reis managed to draw such an accurate map of the Antarctic region 300 years before it was discovered, but that the map shows the coastline under the ice. Geological evidence confirms that the latest date Queen Maud Land could have been charted in an ice-free state is 4000 BC. The official science has been saying all along that the ice-cap which covers the Antarctic is million years old.

The Piri Reis map shows that the northern part of that continent has been mapped before the ice did cover it. That should make think it has been mapped million years ago, but that’s impossible since mankind did not exist at that time.

Further and more accurate studies have proven that the last period of ice-free condition in the Antarctic ended about 6000 years ago. There are still doubts about the beginning of this ice-free period, which has been put by different researchers everything between year 13000 and 9000 BC.

The question is: Who mapped the Queen Maud Land of Antarctic 6000 years ago? Which unknown civilization had the technology or the need to do that?

It is well-known that the first civilization, according to the traditional history, developed in the mid-east around year 3000 BC, soon to be followed within a millennium by the Indus valley and the Chinese ones. So, accordingly, none of the known civilizations could have done such a job. Who was here 4000 years BC, being able to do things that NOW are possible with the modern technologies? Therefore When Tilak said about a civilization post last glaciations and the location being the Arctic he was not just making a conjecture but he had definitive evidence which he certainly found in the Vedic scriptures. For example, the sacred book Rig-Veda contains a story of a great civilization that existed 18 million years ago on the continent Oryana. The location of the continent could be easily identifiable with the help of Hindu sacred writings. According to them, the city of Arka, a capital of the united empire, was situated beneath the Polar Star i.e. on the territory of the present-day Arctic. Could the name Oryana compel Tilak to name his research “The Orion”

Over 11,000 years ago there existed an island nation located in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean(?) populated by a noble and powerful race. The people of this land possessed great wealth thanks to the natural resources found throughout their island. The island was a center for trade and commerce. The rulers of this land held sway over the people and land of their own island and well into Europe and Africa. This was the island of Atlantis.

Atlantis was the domain of Poseidon, god of the sea. When Poseidon fell in love with a mortal woman, Cleito, he created a dwelling at the top of a hill near the middle of the island and surrounded the dwelling with rings of water and land to protect her. Cleito gave birth to five sets of twin boys who became the first rulers of Atlantis. The island was divided among the brothers with the eldest, Atlas, first King of Atlantis, being given control over the central hill and surrounding areas.  Plato was a student of Socrates until the latter’s death in 399 BC at the hands of the Athenian authorities. After his teacher’s death, Plato traveled extensively, including journeys in Egypt.

In 387 BC he returned to Athens and founded the Academy, a school of science and philosophy that became the model for the modern university. Perhaps the most famous student of the Academy was Aristotle whose teachings have had tremendous impact on philosophy through today. Due to the Academy’s safekeeping, many of Plato’s works have survived. His extant writings are in the form of letters and dialogues, the most famous of which is probably The Republic. His writings cover subjects ranging from knowledge to happiness to politics to nature. Two of his dialogues, Timeaus and Critias, hold the only known original references to the island of Atlantis.

In the world these are the only two epics Timeaus and Critias wherein there is a mention of such a civilization.  THE ATLANTIS CIVILIZATION. The epics goes on to describe the structure or the city plan of the Atlantis and the daily lives of the Atlanteans. At the top of the central hill, a temple was built to honor Poseidon which housed a giant gold statue of Poseidon riding a chariot pulled by winged horses. It was here that the rulers of Atlantis would come to discuss laws, pass judgments, and pay tribute to Poseidon. To facilitate travel and trade, a water canal was cut through of the rings of land and water running south for 5.5 miles (~9 km) to the sea. The city of Atlantis sat just outside the outer ring of water and spread across the plain covering a circle of 11 miles (1.7 km). This was a densely populated area where the majority of the population lived. Beyond the city lay a fertile plain 330 miles (530 km) long and 110 miles (190 km) wide surrounded by another canal used to collect water from the rivers and streams of the mountains. The climate was such that two harvests were possible each year. One in the winter fed by the rains and one in the summer fed by irrigation from the canal.

Surrounding the plain to the north were mountains which soared to the skies. Villages, lakes, rivers, and meadows dotted the mountains. Besides the harvests, the island provided all kinds of herbs, fruits, and nuts. An abundance of animals, including elephants, roamed the island. For generations the Atlanteans lived simple, virtuous lives. But slowly they began to change. Greed and power began to corrupt them. When Zeus saw the immorality of the Atlanteans he gathered the other gods to determine a suitable punishment.

Soon, in one violent surge it was gone. The island of Atlantis, its people, and its memory were swallowed by the sea.

Geologists, both mainstream and alternative, agree that the evidence is overwhelming that there was a massive global catastrophe in around 10,000 BC that ended the last Ice Age and altered the face of the planet in almost every way. For the people alive at that time it must have been an experience we can’t imagine. The sea levels rising 300 feet in a week, submerging all beaches and coastal lands, torrential rainstorms measuring in feet instead of inches, worldwide hurricanes, supervolcanic eruptions turning the sky black and blotting out the sun for months. A waterfall as wide as the Bosphorous Strait filling up the Black Sea like a bathtub. The human survivors of this cataclysm would never ever have forgotten it and would most certainly have told their children and grandchildren about it; and those subsequent generations would have passed on the story to their own descendants. This memory endured to the present day to become these folk-legends of the Great Flood etc. However, conventional studies of prehistory say that 12,000 years ago humans existed in small groups; the Neolithic Age had only just begun and most people still lived in nomadic hunter-gatherer cultures. There were no cities, no nation-states like Atlantis is said to be and only a handful of settled towns numbering no more than a few hundred people. Many Mavericks have claimed that the myths describing a sophisticated prehistoric civilization are in fact real and the conventional scientists have got it wrong. However this alternative, minority view lacked hard evidence until recently.

Plato concedes that he learnt the legend of Atlantis from Solon who, in turn, got it from the Egyptians. But those, in their turn, learnt it from the Hindus of Punt (Indonesia). Punt was the Ancestral Land (To-wer), the Island of Fire whence the Egyptians originally came, in the dawn of times, expelled by the cataclysm that razed their land. From there also came the Aryans, the Hebrews and Phoenicians, as well as the other nations that founded the magnificent civilizations of olden times. Here we see the first glimpse of the Vedic connection. Could Rig Veda the oldest of the Vedas have any mention of this civilization?  Many cultures from all over the Pacific make reference to this land. Here are just a few: The legends of Easter Island speak of Hiva, which sank beneath the waves as people fled, while one Samoan legend calls a similar place Poluto. The Maoris of New Zealand still talk about arriving long ago from a sinking island called Hawaiki, a vast and mountainous place on the other side of the water. The myths and traditions of India abound with references. The Rig Veda speaks of “the three continents that were”; the third was home to a race called the Danavas. A land called Rutas was an immense continent far to the east of India and home to a race of sun-worshippers. But Rutas was torn asunder by a volcanic upheaval and sent to the ocean depths. Fragments remained as Indonesia and the Pacific islands, and a few survivors reached India, where they became the elite Brahman caste. Hopi Legend – On the bottom of the seas lie all the proud cities, the flying patuwvotas [shields] and the worldly treasures corrupted with evil. Faced with disaster, some people hid inside the earth while others escaped by crossing the ocean on reed rafts, using the islands as stepping-stones. The same story of escape to dry land appears in the Popol Vuh – the Mayan story of creation. Augustus Le Plongeon, (1826-1908) a 19th century researcher and writer who conducted investigations of the Maya ruins in the Yucatan announced that he had translated ancient Mayan writings, which allegedly showed that the Maya of Yucatan were older than the later civilizations of Atlantis and Egypt, and additionally told the story of an even older continent of Mu, whose survivors founded the Maya civilization. Later students of the Ancient Maya writings argue that Le Plongeon’s “translations” were based on little more than his vivid imagination. Stay tuned as I will be uploading more documentaries from this anime.

The Hindus have many traditions of a  paradisial region where mankind and civilization first originated. One such plase was Tripura, “the Triple City”.  with metallic walls and golden palaces.  The inhabitants  of Tripura were originally extremely pious, but  with the passage of time, they  became evil and perverse, and were destroyed by Shiva. It is because of this feat that Shiva got the epithet of Tripurantaka (“Destroyer of Tripura”). Tripura was built upon a mountain so lofty, that it was said to reside in the skies.  Another Hindu legend on a lost empire concerns Lanka,and is told in detail in the Ramayana. The saga of the destruction of Lanka by Rama and Hanumant was of which  Homer’s Illiad was based. Just as the Ramayana tells the story of Lanka and the rescue of Shita (the wife  of Rama) who  was taken  by the evil Ravana. The  Illiad recounts the destruction of Troy and the rescue of Helen who was taken by  Paris.

The Mahabharata relates the fall of Krishna’s mighty empire during the great war between the  Lunars and the Solars (the Kurus and Pandus).  Hastinapura, the capital of the Pandu empire, was the “City of the Pillars” (Hastina-pura)  – or  the “City of the Nagas”.  The Mahabharata also tells of Dvaraka, the capital of Krishna, located on  an island in the middle of the seas. Krishna’s capital, Dvaraka, sunk under the the sea  and their  divine hero died in the Great War.

Dravidian traditions speak of a vast sunken land known as “Rutas” that was located  towards the south-east of India. The Dravidas claim to have moved to India from that land before it sunk under the sea, during a a great catacylsm.  The name  Rutas is a reflection of the  Sanskrit word ” radix rudh” which means “red” and  Dravidian word “ruta:” which means ‘to be red’ , ‘to burn’.  These etyms evoke the “Island of Fire” and may elude  to the “Land of the Reds” ( one of the many  mystical  names of Atlantis) The Dravidas claimed to have been Kshatryias (“Warriors”), an Indian caste whose heraldic colour is red.

The myth of the Celestial Jerusalem, told in the Book of Revelation, stems directly from the Hindu traditions of Lanka, the “Queen of the Waves”. Lanka, whose history is told in the Ramayana, was the actual archetype of Plato’s Atlantis, as well as Homer’s Troy. Lanka was built upon a lofty mountain (Mt. Trikuta = Mt. Atlas or Meru), and was said “to fly in the air, scratching the belly of heaven”. Hindu myths also tell how Lanka, with “its towers and walls of stone clad with metal” was pulled out of the summit of the Holy Mountain (Meru) by the North Wind (Vayu) and thrown into the seas, where it drowned with all its vast population. Interestingly enough, the same myth, with Atlas (i. e., Atlantis) substituting for Lanka, is also encountered in Greece. Atlas, often identified with Hesperus, the Evening Star, was thrown into the ocean by Boreas, the North Wind who is the Greek counterpart of Vayu. There Atlas drowned, and was to be found no more, just as happened with Lanka and, indeed, with Atlantis.

The New Jerusalem is Atlantis, reborn from its cinders, as a sort of Phoenix, the bird that personifies Paradise in Greek myths. These myths were indeed copied from Egypt who, in turn, cribbed them from India. India and, more exactly, Indonesia, is the true land of the Phoenix, as is relatively easy to show, since it is from there that comes the name of the Benu bird of the Egyptians and that of the Phoenix of the Greeks.

This mystic bird was called Vena in the Rig Veda. So, if the Phoenix indeed symbolizes Atlantis-Paradise resurging from its own cinders, as we believe it does, there can be little doubt that the legend is originally Vedic, and originated in the Indies. The name means nothing that makes sense in either Egyptian or Greek. But in the holy tongues of India it means the idea of Eros (Love) and, more exactly, the Sun of Justice that symbolizes Atlantis rising from the waters of the primordial abyss. This myth forms the essence of the one of the Celestial Jerusalem, as well as, say, those of the Orphic Cosmogonies, those of the Egyptians, and those of most other ancient nations.

Other Hindu legends tell of Agartha (or Shambhalla), the subterranean realm of the King of the World. According to this tradition, it is from Shambhalla that will  surge Kalkin, (The King of the World) for the final battle of the end of times. Kalkin will  lead his hosts, the Sons of Light, to victory against the Sons of Darkness. The myth of Shambhalla is the archetype from which were copied the similar ones of the Essenes and of the Christians. The Celestial Jerusalem from  St. John’s Revelation, the myth of Kalkin prefigures the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. Many experts have correlated the traditions of Agartha and Shambhalla with those of Atlantis and the Celestial Jerusalem. In fact, Atlantis too will resurge in the end of times in precisely the same manner as  the Celestial Jerusalem.

It is significant to note that, according to geo physical research based on the movement of the continental plates, the Lanka of Ravana was situated in the continent of Lemuria, also known as Kumari Kandam, which was a land mass, connecting the Deccan plateau in South India and the island of Ceylon, with intervening straits to be crossed, with Madagascar in the West, Australia on the East and Antarctica on the South, until it sank into the Indian ocean in stages over 3,500 years ago, as mentioned in the writings of the German geologist Wagner anti the eminent Indologist Sir T.W. Holderness.

The research done by Fr. Heras and Sir John Marshall the archaeologist and other scholars into the archaeological finds at Mohenjodaro and Harappa point to the existence of an earlier highly developed Dravidian civilization in the deep South which, had influenced the Indus-Valley Aryan civilization of the North.

The available historical evidence referring to the Dravidian civilization commences with the records that have come down to us of the Tamil literary writings during the past 12,000 years, which have been divided by historians into three periods, called the First Sangam period from 9600 BC to 5200 BC, spanning the Satya and Treta yugas, the Second Sangam period from 5200 BC to 1500 BC spanning the Treta and Dwapara yugas, and the Third Sangam period from 1500 BC to 600 AD spanning the Dwapara and Kali yugas. According to the present cycle of four yugas, namely Satya, Treta, Dwapara and Kali yugas, in their descending arc of 12,000 years and ascending arc of another 12,000 years, as stated by Sri Yukteswar in his famous treatis called ‘Holy Science’, we are now in the ascending arc of Dwapara yuga completed the Kali yuga period lasting from 600 BC to 1800 AD. The Mahabharata war, where Lord Krishna propagated the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita to Arjuna, is reckoned to have taken place during the Second Sangam period about the year 3100 BC. The First Sangam, which was founded and nurtured by Siddha Sri Agastiyar, lasted for 4,400 years and had its centre in the city of Dakshina Madura in the continent of Lemuria.

The Second Sangam, which was also established under the patronage of Sri Agastiyar, lasted for 3,700 years and had its centre in the city of Kavatapuram in the continent of Lemuria, after the records in the city of Dakshina Madura had gone under water. The Third Sangam, also sponsored by Sri Agastiyar, lasted for 1,800 years and had its centre at Uttara Madura, namely the modern city of Madurai, which lays north of the earlier centres, after the whole of the Lemurian continent had gone under water.

After the commencement of the gradual inundation of the Lemurian continent, it is reported that Sri Agastiyar led a migration of Dravidians to Java and Cambodia and Central and South America. The legends of the Incas, Mayans and Aztecs of South America regarding the founding of their cultures by tall beared white-robed teachers confirm the tradititional view that the Lemurians, under the guidance of their siddhas, colonized North and South America, as well as the Nile Valley, when they founded the Egyptian civilization.

It is significant to note that Edgar Cayce the well-known ‘sleeping prophet’ of America, had in the course of his recent voluminous psychic messages given out by him while in a state of trance mentioned a similar sinking of the continent of Atlantis in stages into the Atlantic Ocean over a period of several centuries between 12,000 BC and 10,000 BC, before the sinking of the Lemurian continent.

Accoding to Prof:Arysio Santos in his book “Atlantis- The Lost Continent Finally Found”

The Greeks copied their legends on Atlas and Atlantis from the Hindu ones on Atalas (Shiva) and on Atala, the sunken paradise of the Hindus. As in the Greek traditions, Atalas – whose name is Sanskrit and means “Pillar” – was deemed to be the “Pillar of the World”, just as was Atlas in Greece. Atala was, like Atlantis, a sunken continent destroyed by a fiery cataclysm, and which lay in the Outer Ocean. Since the Greek legend is of Hindu origin and was simply transferred to their western region when the Greeks moved to their present whereabouts, it is idle to quest for Atlantis in the ocean nowadays called Atlantic. Instead, we must seek Atlantis in the ocean which the Hindus called “Ocean of the Atlanteans” or “Western Ocean”, and which is none other than the Indian Ocean.

The Hindus have many traditions on a sunken continent that was the paradisial region where mankind and civilization first originated. One such was Tripura, “the Triple City”. When we recall the fact that Atlantis was, like Tripura, a triple city with metallic walls and golden palaces, we cannot but conclude that the two traditions, if indeed based on actual fact, refer to the one and same thing. Moreover, as happened with Atlantis, the inhabitants of Tripura were originally extremely pious. But, with the passage of time, they also became evil and perverse, and were destroyed by Shiva. It is because of this feat that Shiva got the epithet of Tripurantaka (“Destroyer of Tripura”). As with Lanka (see below) and Atlantis, Tripura was built upon a mountain so lofty, that it was said to reside in the skies.

Another Hindu legend on a sunken empire that was the archetype of Atlantis concerns Lanka, and is told in detail in the Ramayana. The saga of the destruction of Lanka by Rama and Hanumant was the original on which Homer’s Illiad was based. Just as the Ramayana tells the story of Lanka and the rescue of Shita, the spouse of Rama kidnapped by the evil Ravana, the Illiad recounts the destruction of Troy and the rescue of the fickle Helen, kidnapped by Paris. Troy, with its bronzy walls and golden palaces was just one of the many allegories of Atlantis. In contrast to the small village discovered by Schliemann in Turkey, the true Troy lay in the Outer Ocean. It was a magnificent capital and sank into the ocean after its destruction and incending in the great war with the “Greeks” of an earlier age. The parallels between Troy and Atlantis are too many to be discarded. And those between Plato’s Atlantis and the Lanka of the Hindus show, in an unequivocal manner, that it is in the Far Orient and the underseas, and not in the Mediterranean region, that we must quest for the real Troy and the real Atlantis.

The Mahabharata, the other great Hindu classical saga that completes the Ramayana, tells of the mighty empire of Krishna and its destruction in the great war between the Lunars and the Solars (the Kurus and Pandus). This great war is, like the one of Lanka or that of Troy, the true archetype on which Plato based his history of Atlantis. Hastinapura, the capital of the Pandu empire, was the “City of the Pillars” (Hastina-pura) or, yet, the “City of the Nagas”. These two are epithets associated with the Atlanteans and with the Pillar of Heaven in the Far East. The Mahabharata also tells of Dvaraka, the capital of Krishna, located in an island in the middle of the seas. Krishna’s capital, Dvaraka, sunk underseas when the divine hero died in the great war, more or less in the way Atlantis went under, according to Plato.

Dravidian traditions speak of a vast sunken continent towards the south-east of India called Rutas. The Dravidas claim to have moved to India from that continent when it sunk away underseas, in a great cataclysm. The name of Rutas apparently relates to the Sanskrit radix rudh (“red”), and the Dravidian ruta (“to be red”, “to burn”). These etyms evoke the “Island of Fire” and may be an allusion to the fabulous “Land of the Reds” that was one of the many mystic names of Atlantis in the ancient traditions. Indeed, the Dravidas claimed to have been Kshatryias (“Warriors”), an Indian caste whose heraldic colour is the red one.

The Phoenicians – whose name also means “reds” in Greek – claimed, like the Dravidas, to have come from an “Island of Fire” located beyond the Indian Ocean (or Erythraean) overseas. That means the Indies, indeed located in this “Ocean of the Reds” (Erythraean). Hence, the Phoenician homeland seems to be originally the same as the Rutas (or “Island of Fire”) of the Dravidas. The Egyptians too called themselves “Reds” (Rot or Khem, in their tongue). And they also claimed to have come from this “Island of Fire” in the Indian (or Erythraean) overseas. Would all the traditions of these virtuous nations be lying? Or is it that we interpret their myths erroneously?

The myth of the Celestial Jerusalem, told in the Book of Revelation, stems directly from the Hindu traditions on Lanka, the “Queen of the Waves”. Lanka, whose history is told in the Ramayana, was the actual archetype of Plato’s Atlantis, as well as Homer’s Troy. Lanka was built upon a lofty mountain (Mt. Trikuta = Mt. Atlas or Meru), and was said “to fly in the air, scratching the belly of heaven”. Hindu myths also tell how Lanka, with “its towers and walls of stone clad with metal” was pulled out of the summit of the Holy Mountain (Meru) by the North Wind (Vayu) and thrown into the seas, where it drowned with all its vast population. Interestingly enough, the same myth, with Atlas (i. e., Atlantis) substituting for Lanka, is also encountered in Greece. Atlas, often identified with Hesperus, the Evening Star, was thrown into the ocean by Boreas, the North Wind who is the Greek counterpart of Vayu. There Atlas drowned, and was to be found no more, just as happened with Lanka and, indeed, with Atlantis.

Other Hindu legends tell of Agartha (or Shambhalla), the subterranean realm of the King of the World. According to this tradition, it is from Shambhalla that is to surge Kalkin, (“the White Knight”) for the final battle of the end of times. Kalkin, the White Knight, is to lead his hosts, the Sons of Light, to victory against the Sons of Darkness. The myth of Shambhalla is the archetype from which were copied the similar ones of the Essenes and of the Christians. Again, as with the Celestial Jerusalem of St. John’s Revelation, the myth of Kalkin prefigures the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. Many experts have correlated the traditions of Agartha and Shambhalla with those of Atlantis and the Celestial Jerusalem. In fact, Atlantis too will resurge in the end of times (now?) in precisely the same manner prescribed for the Celestial Jerusalem of the Book of Revelation. Then, will the Golden Age be restored to the world, for Atlantis is truly the Paradise Lost we all have been expecting for so long.

Celtic traditions often speak of an “Island of the Lions”. This mysterious island appears in Hindu traditions as Saka-dvipa or Simhala-dvipa (“Island of the Lions”, in Sanskrit). This “Island of the Lions” also figures in many other different traditions. In Celtic traditions, the Island of the Lions also called Avalon. The name of Avalon has been interpreted both as “Land of the Apple Trees” and as “Island of the Lions” (Ava-lon). This paradisial island is also called Lyonesse (Lyon-ys or “Island of the Lions”) or Llyn Llion (“Lake Lion”), the lake which reputedly overwhelmed the whole world with its waters when it overflowed, causing the Flood.

The “Island of the Lions” just mentioned (see above item) is no other than the Simhala-dvipa (or Serendip) of the Hindus. Serendip is indeed the “Island of the Seres” (Seren-dip), which is the same as Taprobane (Sumatra). The Seres are “the people of the silk” (serica = “silk”, in Latin). They are described as a blond, blue-eyed, tall people by Pliny, Solinus and others. As we just said, Serendip is the same as Taprobane or Sumatra, and should not be confused with Shri Lanka (Ceylon), its Indian counterpart. The word “lion”, in India, is synonymous with “hero” (gandha or simha in Skt., singa in Dravida, etc.), so that the name of Simhala-dvipa indeed means “Island of the Heroes”. And these “Heroes” of old are no other than those of Atlantis, destroyed in the Flood, as mentioned in the Book of Genesis (ch. 6).

It is from the primordial Lemurian Atlantis that derive all our myths and religious traditions, the very ones that allowed the ascent of Man above the beasts of the field. From Atlantis derive all our science and our technology: agriculture, cattle herding, the alphabet, metallurgy, astronomy, music, religion, and so forth. These inventions are so clever and so advanced that they seem as natural as the air we breath and the gods we worship. But they are all incredibly advanced inventions that came to us from the dawn of times, from the twin Atlantises we utterly forgot.

It is in India and in Indonesia, that, even today, we find the secret of Atlantis and Lemuria hidden behind the thick veil of their myths and allegories. The crucial events are disguised inside the Hindu and Buddhic religious traditions, or told as charming sagas like those of the Ramayana and the Mahaharata. The error that led the ancients, along with the modern researchers, into believing that Atlantis lay in the Atlantic Ocean is easy to understand now that we know the true whereabouts of the sunken continent. When humanity moved from Indonesia into the regions of Europe and the Near East, the “Occidental Ocean” of the Hindus became the Oriental Ocean, for it then lay towards the east.

The (Hindu) myths that told of Atlantis sinking in the Occidental Ocean became interpreted as referring to the Atlantic Ocean, western in regards to Europe, their new residence. The Hindus called the sunken continent by the name of Atala (or Atalas) a name uncannily similar to that of Atlas and of Atlantis (by the appending of the suffix tis or tiv = “mountain”, “island”, in Dravida, and pronounced “tiw”). It is from this base that names such as that of the mysterious Keftiu of the Egyptians, the “Islands in the Middle of the Ocean (the “Great Green”)” ultimately came (Keftiu = Kap-tiv = “capital island” or “Skull Island” = “Calvary” in Dravida, the pristine language of Indonesia). But this is a long story which we tell elsewhere, presenting the detailed evidence for this uncanny allegation of ours.

Atlantis was a continent of the Atlantic Ocean where, according to Plato, and advanced civilization developed some 11,600 years ago. Plato affirms that, as the result of a huge volcanic cataclysm of worldwide extent, this continent sunk away underseas, disappearing forever. Official Science – the one you learn at school – rejects the actual existence of Atlantis, as it has so far been unable to find any traces of its reality. But the reason for that is simple to explain. Everybody has been looking in the wrong locations, as Atlantis indeed lies in the opposite side of the world.

Lemuria, on the other hand, is an even older version of Atlantis. Lemuria is indeed the same as the Garden of Eden and other such Paradises that in fact existed and were the actual birthplace of Mankind and Civilization, precisely as the Bible and other Holy Books affirm. From there, civilization spread to Atlantis and other parts of the world, in the dawn of times, some 20 or 30 thousand years ago, during the Ice Age.

In the vedic literature which are divided into the Rig-Veda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda and the Atharveda. The Rig Veda being the oldest. Although these scripture are said to have been divinely revealed in India and to have taken place there, author Professor Arysio Nunes dos Santos thinks that they actually refer to Atlantis, which according to his theory was located where the South China Sea is and Indonesia. This would have made ancient India the nearest outpost of the Atlantean civilisation.

The Indonesian Islands and the Malay Peninsula that we nowadays observe are the unsunken relicts of Lemurian Atlantis, the lofty volcanic mountains that became the volcanic islands of this region, the true site of Paradise in all ancient traditions. The sunken portion of continental extension now forms the muddy, shallow bottoms of the South China Sea. It is encircled by Indonesia and forms the boundary of the Indian and the Pacific Oceans.

The greatest of all Lemurian colonies was Atlantis, founded in India, already during the heydays of Lemuria, and which, in time, reached the apex of human grandeur. Atlantis and Lemuria had prospered for a full zodiacal era (2,160 years), when the great cataclysm destroyed their common world, at the end of the Pleistocene, some 11,600 years ago. The scant survivors of the cataclysm that sunk Lemuria away were forced to flee their destroyed Paradise, moving first to India, the site of Atlantis, which had been spared in its northern, loftier portion. But the global catastrophe had also caused the end of the Pleistocene Ice Age, and the melting of the Himalayan glaciers caused huge floods of the rivers of Asia, rendering the region unfit for human habitation. These floods ravaged this remainder of Atlantis, already greatly destroyed by the original cataclysm, the giant conflagration of the Indonesian volcanoes and the huge tsunamis they caused, as well as by the plague that ravaged their country in their wake.

Again, this doomed people was obliged to flee, emigrating, along the ensuing millennia, to remote places such as Egypt, Mesopotamia, Palestine, North Africa, Europe, North Asia, the Near Orient and even Oceania and the Americas. Some came on foot, in huge hordes like those of the Israelite exodus. Others came by ship, like Noah in his Ark or Aeneas with his fleet, to found the great civilizations of the ancient world.

The great civilizations that we know of, in the Indus Valley, in Egypt, in Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Greece, Rome, Mexico and even the Americas were all Atlantean colonies founded by the survivors of the cataclysm that destroyed the twin Paradises of Atlantis and Lemuria. These colonists, of course, attempted to recreate their Eden in their new homeland.

The newcomers named each topographical feature after the archetypes of the pristine abode just as immigrants will do the same nowadays. Such is the reason why we keep finding vestiges of Atlantis everywhere, from Brazil and North America to Spain, Crete, and even Africa and North Europe. All these ancient civilizations spoke of Civilizing Heroes such as Manu, Noah, Aeneas, the Oannés, Hotu Matua, Quetzalcoatl, Kukulkan, Bochica and, of course, Atlas and Hercules, the omnipresent Twins that founded civilizations everywhere.

Prof. Santos, who was trained in academic science and was a professor of nuclear physics in Brazil, told me he had originally started his research into Atlantis as a sceptic and unbeliever but having researched throughly into world religions, occult traditions, geology and word derivations he had become convinced it was very very real indeed. It became a mission of his to get the knowledge that Atlantis was real out to this crazy world. He had a completely new theory – that Atlantis could not be found because everyone had been looking in the wrong place and that Plato’s work on the subject had been misunderstood. Arysio believed that the true location of Atlantis was in the area of the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. The Indonesian islands are all that is left of it. He also felt that India was one of its nearest and many colonies and that the holy books known as the Vedas and the Hindu religion are based on and in Atlantis. The professor also believed that many other religious ceremonies such as baptism were memories of Atlantis and how it perished under the seas.

Arysio thought that that Guanche language was derived from Dravidian and set out a very good case proving this by comparing Dravidian words with those of the Guanche – many are nearly identical. He had also written on The Mysterious Origin of the Guanches. He believed that the “Golden Age” and the Garden of Eden and “Paradise” were all memories of Atlantis as it once was and that after its destruction the survivors had to begin again and had lost all their technological advances and were reduced to a very primitive way of living.

His idea was that Atlantis was destroyed following a cataclysmic volcanic eruption and tsunami that shook the entire world. He also feels that it might have been triggered deliberately in nuclear war by these ancient people who lived on Atlantis and he was praying this was not going to be the fate of the world again.

In conclusion I can only say that here is another example of the antiquity of the Vedic Civilization. Plato’s fabled city of Atlantis though is a Myth it is a probable fact as all myths are distortion of some facts which takes place in the distant past and it stays in the memory of the population passed on from generation to generation verbally. Thus becoming a Myth or a Legend. Corroborated with the various evidences and studies it is a fair conclusion that Vedic Civilization could be that remnants of the Atlantis Civilization.

Author has a masters degree in Anthropology from Calcutta University.His website http://amlanroychowdhury.webs.com

Related posts:

1. VEDIC CIVILIZATION THE PROGENITOR OF EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION
2. The Lost City Of Atlantis
3. Antiquity of the Vedic Civilization- the Great Deluge