Space exploration is defined as the use of astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. Exploration has taken space by human spaceflight and robotic space craft.
The observations of objects in space, which is known as Astronomy, is one of the oldest known scientific studies, pre-dating reliable recorded history. Fuel Rockets developed in the early twentieth century allowed space exploration to broaden and become a reality. Space exploration often creates political competition, pushing individual countries to pace themselves faster in an attempt to gain exploration first, such as the "Space Race" between the Soviet Union and the United States.
Space exploration has shifted from singular flights to reusable hardware which allows for greater exploration. Private interest has began in space exploration creating the urge for more competition and larger government missions.
The first orbital launch was made in 1957. A Soviet, unmanned launch named Sputnik, it orbited the earth at about 150 miles. Following the Soviet's success, the United States unsuccessfully launched Vangaurd 1 two months later. In 1958 The Unites States successfully launched and orbited Explorer 1.
In 1961 the first human spaceflight took place on the Vostok 1, carrying a 27 year old man. The spaceflight completed one orbit around the globe in around two hours. This triumph urged the world to continue space exploration. The US followed in the Soviet's footsteps within six months. The Mercury flight orbited the Earth six times on February 20, 1962. In 1963 the first woman orbited the Earth 48 times aboard the Vostok 6.
One of the main targets of space exploration is astrobiology which is the focus of the study of life in the universe. Astrobiology is primarily focused on the origin and evolution of life. It is also often referred to as exobiology. Astrobiologists consider the possibility of life that is entirely different from any other life discovered in the past.
Alex Sutton has worked in the telescopes profession for nearly 11 years. For more information please visit telescopes
