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Examples of the ''chaoskampf'' in religions of the Ancient Near East include Baal's fight against Yamm in Ugaritic myth, Marduk against Tiamat in the Babylonian ''Enuma Elish'', Tarhunt against Illuyanka in Hittite myth, and Yahweh against Leviathan in the Hebrew Bible (particularly the Book of Job). The Near Eastern myth was adopted in Greek mythology, as reflected in the fight of Zeus against Typhon.

The ''chaoskampf'' was also inherited by Christian belief, in the form of Saint George and the Dragon, Saint Michael and the Devil, and more abstractly in some aspects of the narrative of the crucifixion of Jesus in the gospels (Rudman 2003).

In the feminist Goddess movement, specifically in Merlin Stone's ''When God was a Woman'' (1976), the ''chaoskampf'' as cosmological metaphor is associated with the supposed rise of institutionalised warfare and patriarchal power during the Early Bronze Age.


Adapted from the Wikipedia article Chaos (cosmogony), under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki